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Department of Emergency Medicine, Sina hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (194 Views)
Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a medical emergency that can lead to catastrophic complications, including malperfusion of vital organs and extremities. Popliteal artery embolism as a result of TAAD is rare but can result in acute limb ischemia, which carries a high risk of limb loss if not promptly addressed. This study aimed to present a case of a 72-year-old male with a history of hypertension and hyperlipidemia who presented to the emergency department with sudden-onset, severe chest pain radiating to his back and acute pain and coldness in his right lower extremity. Physical examination revealed a pale, cool, and pulseless right lower extremity with diminished sensation and motor function. Initial imaging, including transthoracic echocardiography and computed tomography angiography, confirmed TAAD with a thrombus occluding the right popliteal artery. In transthoracic echocardiography, the aortic valve appeared structurally normal with no evidence of regurgitation or stenosis. The patient underwent emergent surgical repair of the aortic dissection and thrombectomy of the popliteal artery, with successful revascularization and transfer to the intensive care unit postoperatively. This case highlighted the rare but critical complication of acute limb ischemia secondary to TAAD, emphasizing the importance of a high index of suspicion for aortic dissection in patients presenting with limb ischemia, particularly in the presence of risk factors. A multidisciplinary approach involving early imaging, prompt surgical intervention, and limb revascularization is crucial to improving outcomes. Despite advances in management, acute limb ischemia due to TAAD remains associated with high morbidity and mortality, underscoring the need for further research to optimize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Type of Study: Case Report |
Subject:
Emergency Medicine
Received: 2025/05/11 | Accepted: 2025/06/24 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/08/4
Received: 2025/05/11 | Accepted: 2025/06/24 | ePublished ahead of print: 2025/08/4
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